乳幼児教育学研究 第１6号 掲載論文要旨
THE
JAPANESE JOURNAL FOR THE EDUCATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN
No.16 2007
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Author |
Title | |
| Sumiko MOGI |
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The relevance between Touch and social competence in children |
| Atsumi OKI |
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Developmental Research on Children’s Understanding, Reasoning and Judgment through the Token Test ―Focusing on Working Memory― |
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Yoshiko UEDA Tadayuki SAWADA Junko AKAZAWA |
・・・・・ |
Relationships between Work and Family of Child-rearing Preschool Teachers, with Note on the Effects of Early Child-Rearing on the Professional Ability of Early Childhood Care and Education in Preschools |
| Cunmei DONG |
・・・・・ |
The Cross-Cultural Comparison of Development of Self-Regulation between Japanese and Chinese Young Children |
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Mayumi MIMURA Katsunobu YOSHITOMI Sachiko KITANO |
・・・・・ |
A Study on the Relationship between Musical Activities in Early Childhood Care and Education Facilities and the Musical Ability of Young Children |
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子どもの身体接触と社会生活能力の関連とその変容過程 茂木寿美子 * The relevance between Touch and social competence in children Sumiko MOGI In regard to Touch between mothers and children, it has become clear for the child to have the body contact frequently with the other person as acquisition of social competence. And quantity of body contact decreases attendant upon development in children. But it has not enough researches to make clear the relevance among them. The purpose of this research is to examine the relevance between Touch among mother-child and social competence in children again by using more reliable indicator, and to come at these developmental changing processes in children in a structural way through individual interview with mothers. The results are shown below: １． There is tendency to show highly number of developmental index on social competence, especially on communication, in many children belonging to highly body contact group. Trough good relationship between mothers and children, to having enough quantity of body contact, ability to communicate is elevated. ２． It is obvious that the changing of mother’s consciousness and child’s development has been related with the decreasing quantity of body contact among them. Key words: Touch, children, social competence, communication |
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Token Test にみる幼児の理解・推理・判断についての発達的研究 ―ワーキングメモリを中心に― 隠岐厚美* Developmental Research on Children’s Understanding, Reasoning and Judgment through the Token Test ―Focusing on Working Memory― Atsumi OKI The purpose of this research is to practically observe the developmental change of children’s understanding, reasoning and judgment with Token Test. The target ages of the test conducted among７０children composed of １９ three-year-old classed children（CA ４．２６±０．２２）, ２６ four-year-old classed children（CA ５．２３±０．２２）and２５five-year-old classed children（CA６．２０±０．２７）. According to the test, three-year-olds had already developed concepts of three token parameters of shape, color and size, but the reasoning and judgment by all these parameters as significant gestalts was not clear. Four-yearolds had more stable concepts of the same parameters. They could understand them as significant gestalts and gradually formed reasoning and judgment with symbol（verbal）operation. Five-years-olds had far more stable concepts and could understand the same three parameters as suitable and significant gestalts. As a result of that, they showed more precise reasoning and accomplished tasks with symbol（verbal）operation. In short, five-years-olds had already acquired a foundation of working memory with symbol（verbal）operation. In spite of that, the results of Token Test also showed that their working memory with symbol（verbal）operation was immature. On the basis of the above, working memory as understanding, reasoning and judgment of young children had been considered. Key words: young children, Token Test, reasoning, judgment, working memory |
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子育てをする保育者の仕事と家庭の関係 ―とくに子育てが保育力量に及ぼす影響について― 上田淑子＊澤田忠幸＊＊ 赤澤淳子＊＊＊ Relationships between Work and Family of Child-rearing Preschool Teachers, with Note on the Effects of Early Child-Rearing on the Professional Ability of Early Childhood Care and Education in Preschools Yoshiko UEDA Tadayuki SAWADA Junko AKAZAWA We made a questionnaire for ８９ female preschool teachers who were rearing their own children to understand the effects between their work and family, in particular those of their child-rearing on early childhood care and education at work. Results from questions with single choice options concerning work-family spillover revealed that in both directions the positive spillover was significantly higher than negative spillover, suggesting that their work and family were complementary rather than conflictive. In free descriptions concerning the relationships between their child-rearing and work, positive cases of the effects from child-rearing to work were by far more numerously described than negative ones. Among positive cases, “understanding of children’s parents” was the second most numerous following “understanding of children.” This suggests child-rearing enhances the ability to better cooperate with children’s parents, which is considered the most difficult for preschool teachers. Negative cases of the effects from work to child-rearing were more often described than positive ones, but teachers in the survey felt work-related skills were useful for their child-rearing, which may reduce negative work-to- family effects. Results from the questionnaire regarding the ratio of the husband’s load of child-rearing showed a negative correlation between the ratio and the negative family-to-work spillover, indicating the husband’s support reduces negative family-to-work effects. Key words: child-rearing, early childhood care and education, preschool teacher, professional ability, work-family spillover |
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幼児の自己制御の発達に関する日中の比較文化的研究 董存梅＊ The Cross-Cultural Comparison of Development of Self-Regulation between Japanese and Chinese Young Children Cunmei DONG This study investigated the development of self-regulation in Japanese and Chinese young children（３- to ５- year olds, N＝３８６）based on parents’ rating of their children’s self-regulation in parent-child relation and in peer relation. In parent-child relation, Chinese children’s “dependence” was higher than Japanese children’s. In peer relation, Chinese children’s “activeness” was higher than Japanese children’s, but Japanese children’s “self-assertion” and “self-inhibition” were higher than Chinese children’s. And in peer relation, the self-regulation of young children changed with sex and age. Girls’ “activeness” and “self-inhibition” were higher than boys’, in addition, the scores of “activeness” and “cooperativeness” increased with age. In both parent-child relation and peer relation, Japanese young children’s “self-inhibition” increased with age, but Chinese young children’s did not change with age. It was suggested that Japanese and Chinese parents’ child-rearing and teachers’ care style were closely related with the results. Key words: Young children, Self-regulation, Parent-child relation, Peer relation, Cross-cultural comparison |
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幼稚園・保育所における音楽活動と幼児の音楽的能力の関連性に関する研究 三村真弓＊吉富功修＊＊ 北野幸子＊＊＊ A Study on the Relationship between Musical Activities in Early Childhood Care and Education Facilities and the Musical Ability of Young Children Mayumi MIMURA Katsunobu YOSHITOMI Sachiko KITANO In this study, the current status of musical activities in kindergartens and day care centers was analyzed with the help of a questionnaire. The survey revealed that more private facilities provide music education with a structured approach, whereas the national kindergartens provide music education with a more child centered free play approach. As a result of this, the quantity of musical activity of the national kindergartens was distinctly less than that of the private kindergartens and the private day care centers. It also became clear that the private kindergartens and the private day care centers provide music activities as part of their preparation for music festivals. Hence, this study discusses the relationship between music activities in early childhood care and education facilities and the singing ability of young children through the analysis of the correlation between the quality of the singing performance of children in the festival and the content of musical activities in the kindergartens and the day care centers. This study concluded that the singing expression of the children was superior in the kindergartens and the day care centers which provide more music activities, music activities planed and provided by musical specialists, and where the habit of listening to music during daily activities emphasized. Key words: musical activity, kindergarten, nursery school, singing ability |